Design and Implementation of a Microcontroller-Based Boundary Marker Displacement Detection System Using an Accelerometer Sensor

Boundary marker displacement is one of the major issues that can lead to unclear territorial boundaries and land disputes. This study aims to design and implement a microcontroller-based boundary marker displacement detection system using an MPU6050 accelerometer sensor to monitor changes in marker inclination in real time. The proposed system consists of an Arduino Uno, an MPU6050 sensor, an I2C LCD, a buzzer, and a battery power supply. Acceleration data along the X, Y, and Z-axes are processed to calculate the roll and pitch angles, which are then compared with a predefined threshold of 20° to classify the marker condition as either Safe or Danger. Sensor calibration was performed with the marker in an upright position as the initial reference before testing. Experimental evaluations were conducted at inclination angles of 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30°, with 30 samples collected at each angle. The experimental results demonstrate that the system consistently changes its status to Danger when the measured pitch angle reaches or exceeds the 20° threshold. The repeatability test, performed over ten trials, produced an average detection angle of 21.18°, while the response time test yielded an average response time of 13.57 s. Furthermore, all experiments successfully detected changes in marker inclination without any detection failures. These results indicate that the proposed system provides stable and consistent performance and is capable of delivering reliable real-time early warnings for potential boundary marker displacement.

Keywords: Arduino Uno, MPU6050, boundary marker monitoring, tilt detection, pitch angle, repeatability, response time