Generative AI

Permitted Uses

Authors may use generative AI tools as supportive aids, including but not limited to:

• Improving grammar, spelling, and language clarity
• Formatting references or manuscripts
• Assisting with code debugging or data visualization (with verification)
• Summarizing the authors’ own text for internal drafting purposes

Use of AI tools does not replace the authors’ responsibility for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of the work.

Prohibited Uses

Generative AI tools must not be used to:

• Generate novel research data, results, or interpretations without human verification
• Fabricate, falsify, or manipulate data
• Produce citations or references that have not been verified by the authors
• Generate entire manuscripts or substantial intellectual content without disclosure
• Impersonate human authorship or obscure accountability

Authorship

Generative AI tools cannot be listed as authors.

Authorship implies responsibility, accountability, and the ability to respond to questions about the work—criteria that AI systems cannot meet.

Disclosure statement

Authors must clearly disclose the use of generative AI tools when they have materially assisted in manuscript preparation.

Disclosure Statement

A disclosure should include:

• The name of the AI tool (e.g., ChatGPT, Claude, Midjourney)
• The purpose of its use (e.g., language editing, code assistance)

Example disclosure:

“Generative AI tools were used to assist with language editing and clarity. All scientific content, analysis, and conclusions were developed and verified by the authors.”

Disclosure statements should be placed in the Acknowledgements or a dedicated AI Use Statement, as specified by the journal.

Authors remain fully responsible for:

• The originality of the manuscript
• The accuracy of data, analyses, and references
• Compliance with ethical, legal, and copyright standards

The use of generative AI does not transfer responsibility to the tool or its developers.