Publication Ethics

For Authors

• Originality: Submissions must not have been previously published or under review elsewhere.
• Plagiarism: All sources must be cited properly. Plagiarism will result in rejection or retraction.
• AI Use: Authors may use AI tools for language editing, but ideas and interpretations must be their own. Fabricated references or data generated by AI tools will be treated as data fabrication.
• Data Integrity: Authors must not falsify or misrepresent data.

For Editors

• Evaluate submissions based on scholarly merit, without discrimination.
• Maintain confidentiality of all submissions.
• Avoid conflicts of interest.

For Reviewers

• Accept reviews only within their expertise.
• Disclose conflicts of interest.
• Maintain confidentiality of manuscripts.
• Provide timely, constructive feedback.

Handling Ethical Violations

Cases of suspected ethical misconduct will be reviewed by a special ethics committee composed of at least three editorial board members. Authors, editors, or reviewers will be given the opportunity to respond before final decisions are made. Sanctions may include rejection, retraction, dismissal from editorial roles, or censure.